| Introduction | 9 |
| |
| I. ADAPTATIONS OF SHAKESPEARE | 13 |
| I.1 Source and Adaptation | 15 |
| I.2 Intertextuality – Text and Meaning | 17 |
| I.3 Source and Quotation | 21 |
| I.4 Adaptation and/or Intertextuality? | 22 |
| I.5 Recycling Shakespeare | 23 |
| |
| II. FRIGHTENING FEMINISM | 25 |
| II.1 Feminism – A Historical Overview | 25 |
| II.1.1 The Suffrage Movement | 27 |
| II.1.2 The Second Wave | 30 |
| II.1.3 The Third Wave | 31 |
| II.1.4 Feminism Today: The Third Wave or Post-Feminism? | 33 |
| II.2 Feminism and Literature | 34 |
| II.3 The Reader – Reading as a Woman and Reading as a Man | 36 |
| II.3.1 Feminist Reading | 38 |
| |
| III. WHAT IS A WOMAN? – FEMINIST VIEWS ON IDENTITY | 42 |
| III.1 The Historical Perspective | 42 |
| III.2 Solving the Inferiority Complex | 43 |
| III.3 Identity as a Social Construct | 44 |
| III.4 Collective Identity – “Female Imagination” | 46 |
| III.5 The Body | 47 |
| III.6 Identity in the Sex/Gender System | 49 |
| III.7 Identity Through Language | 54 |
| III.8 Female Identity in a Literary Text | 56 |
| III.9 Female Identity: A Summary | 57 |
| |
| IV. SHAKESPEARE AND FEMINISM – FEMINIST APPROACHES TO SHAKESPEARE | 59 |
| IV.1 Shakespeare as a Reference Point – The Historical Approach | 63 |
| IV.2 Shakespeare, the Feminist? | 65 |
| IV.3 Restoring Women to Shakespeare’s Plays | 69 |
| IV.4 Feminist Adaptations of Shakespeare | 71 |
| |
| V. FEMALE IDENTITY IN HAMLET AND OPHELIA | 76 |
| V.1 Hamlet and the Feminists | 76 |
| V.2 A New Perspective on Endings | 77 |
| V.3 Limited Identity: Space for Ophelia and Space for Hamlet | 80 |
| V.4 Shakespeare: Hamlet versus Ophelia – From Life to Death | 83 |
| V.5 Ophelia Revised | 86 |
| V.6 Lavery: Ophelia versus Hamlet – From Death to Life | 91 |
| |
| VI. FEMALE IDENTITY IN OTHELLO AND DESDEMONA: A PLAY ABOUT A HANDKERCHIEF | 95 |
| VI.1 Othello and the Feminists | 95 |
| VI.1.1 Race and Sexuality | 99 |
| VI.2 Vogel: Desdemona Speaking from the Margins | 101 |
| VI.2.1 Collective Female Identity Reconsidered: The Successes and Failures of Sisterhood | 104 |
| VI.2.2 The Private and the Public | 105 |
| VI.2.3 ‘The New Woman’ | 107 |
| |
| VII. FEMALE IDENTITY IN KING LEARAND LEAR’S DAUGHTERS | 110 |
| VII.1 King Lear and the Feminists | 110 |
| VII.1.1 Female Power and Chaos | 111 |
| VII.1.2 A Tribute to Women | 113 |
| VII.2 Female Identity in Lear’s Daughters | 117 |
| VII.2.1 The Outside and the Inside | 123 |
| |
| Concluding Thoughts | 127 |
| Bibliography | 130 |
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